# Image Expression Parser

## Usage

The plugin is located in ProcessImage Expression Parser .

This plugin parses arbitrary mathematical expressions and compute results using images as variables. For instance:

• 2*A
• A*(B+30)
• sqrt(A^2+B^2)*cos(C)
• A > B
• gauss(A, 0.8)

where A,B and C are opened images of the same dimensions.

As of version 2.x, pixel per pixel based operations are supported and Imglib algorithm are supported.

The parsing ability is provided by the JEP library: Java Expression Parser v.jep-2.4.1-ext-1.1.1-gpl. This is the last version released under the GPL by its authors Nathan Funk and Richard Morris, see Singular System. Internally, this plugin uses Imglib to deal with images.

Internally, images are handled by copying them to a new float type image, so as to avoid clipping effect. The result image returned is of float type as well.

## User interface

The interactive version (launched from ImageJ) uses a GUI.

When launched it displays a window allowing the user to enter a mathematical expression, with variables (capital single letters, so up to 26 variables) and canonical functions. The expression is checked by the parser of the JEP library (http://www.singularsys.com/jep/). If it is not valid, a hopefully useful error message is displayed.

Variables can be added using +/- buttons. They are matched to opened images in ImageJ.

When the images are RGB images, they are processed in a special way:

• they are split in 3 RGB channels;
• each channel is parsed and evaluated separately;
• the 3 resulting images are put back together in a 3 channel composite image.

This GUI was built in part using Jigloo GUI builder http://www.cloudgarden.com/jigloo/.

## Supported functions

Here is a list for supported functions and algorithms, as of version 2.1.

### Supported ImgLib algorithms

</table> ### Supported functions
Description Syntax
Gaussian convolution gauss(img, sigma)
Floyd-Steinberg dithering dither(img)
Image normalization (sum to 1) normalize(img)
</table> Extending the parser -------------------- It is relatively easy to extends the parser with new functions. Basically, you must write a function that implements *fiji.expressionparser.function.ImgLibFunction*. Once done, it must be added to the parser class, so that it is aware of it. See in *fiji.expressionparser.ImgLibParser* the method *addStandardFunctions()* for an example. However, in the *fiji.expressionparser.function* package lies a few abstract functions made to simplify the extension process: ### *fiji.expressionparser.function.TwoOperandsPixelBasedAbstractFunction* This is the mother class for functions that takes two arguments, and operate on pixel values only. That is: the pixel value on the result image will depend only the pixel values in the source images at the same location. For instance, have a look at *fiji.expressionparser.function.ImgLibArcTangent2* that extends it. New functions will basically just have to implement the actual operation on numbers, in the method *evaluate(final R t1, final R t2)*. ### *fiji.expressionparser.function.SingleOperandPixelBasedAbstractFunction* The same thing, but for function with a single argument. For instance, see *fiji.expressionparser.function.ImgLibAbs*. ### *fiji.expressionparser.function.SingleOperandAbstractFunction* This is a more generic abstract class, allowing to handle whole image operation. There is two method to implement: - *evaluate(Image img)* to specify what the function does on a whole image; - *evaluate(R t)* to specify what the function does on a scalar. See *ImgLibNormalize* for an example. ### *fiji.expressionparser.function.TwoOperandsAbstractFunction* The same things, but for two arguments. There is more methods to implement, because of the singleton expansion that can be left or right, and not necessary yield identical results. See *ImgLibGaussConv* for an example. In this example, you will also see how errors or invalid arguments are handled. Calling the plugin from elsewhere --------------------------------- It is possible to call the plugin from another class or in a scripting language. For instance in Python: from ij import WindowManager from net.imglib2.img import ImagePlusAdapter from net.imglib2.img.display.imagej import ImageJFunctions from fiji.process import Image_Expression_Parser # Make an ImgLib image from the current image imp = WindowManager.getCurrentImage() img = ImagePlusAdapter.wrap(imp) # In python, the map can be a dictionary, relating # variable names to images map = {'A': img} expression = 'A^2' # Instantiate plugin parser = Image_Expression_Parser() # Configure & execute parser.setImageMap(map) parser.setExpression(expression) parser.process() result = parser.getResult() # is an ImgLib image # Copy result to an ImagePlus and display it result_imp = ImageJFunctions.show(result) result_imp.resetDisplayRange() result_imp.updateAndDraw() Here is another example in [Javascript](Javascript) contributed by Jeff Hanson: // This script was created as an javascript equivalent of the Python example here: // https://fiji.sc/Image_Expression_Parser#Calling_the_plugin_from_elsewhere importClass(Packages.fiji.process.Image_Expression_Parser); importClass(java.util.HashMap); importPackage(Packages.mpicbg.imglib); expression = 'A^2'; imp = IJ.getImage(); img = Packages.mpicbg.imglib.image.ImagePlusAdapter.wrap(imp); imgMap = new java.util.HashMap(); imgMap.put('A', img); parser = new Packages.fiji.process.Image_Expression_Parser(); parser.setImageMap(imgMap); parser.setExpression(expression); parser.process(); result = parser.getResult(); resultImp = Packages.mpicbg.imglib.image.display.imagej.ImageJFunctions.copyToImagePlus(result); IJ.run(resultImp, "Enhance Contrast", "saturated=0.35"); resultImp.show(); Version history --------------- - v1.0 - Feb 2010 - First working version. - v1.1 - Apr 2010 - Expression field now has a history. - v2.0 - May 2010 - Complete logic rewrite: - functions are now handled by code specific for ImgLib; - support for ImgLib algorithms and non pixel-based operations, such as gaussian convolution; - faster evaluation, thanks to dealing with ImgLib images as objects within the parser instead of pixel per pixel evaluation. - v2.1 - June 2010 - The GUI now generate a new separate thread for processing, freeing resources for the redraw of the GUI panel itself (thanks to Albert Cardona and the Fijiers input). - v2.2 - June 2010 - First version released publicly. RGB images are processed in a special way by the GUI: each of their channel is processed separately and put back together in a composite image. Wish list for this plugin ------------------------- We are interested into knowing how we should extend this plugin so that it suits your need. Tell us in the [discussion page](Talk_Image_Expression_Parser).
Description Syntax
Euler constant e
π pi
Standard operators +, -, \*, /, ^, %
Sine sin
Cosine cos
Tangent tan
Arc Sine asin
Arc Cosine acos
Arc Tangent atan
Arc Tangent 2 args atan2(y,x)
Hyperbolic Sine sinh
Hyperbolic Cosine cosh
Hyperbolic Tangent tanh
Natural Logarithm log
Exponential exp
Power pow
Square Root sqrt
Absolute Value abs
Round round
Floor floor
Ceiling ceil
Boolean operators !, &&, \|\|, <, >, !=, ==, >=, <=